Python Interview Questions Set - 1 Released
Intermediate Level
What is Python?
Python was created and first released in 1991 by Guido van Rossum. It
is a high-level, general-purpose programming language that
emphasizes code readability and provides easy-to-use syntax. Several
developers and programmers prefer using Python for their
programming needs due to its simplicity. After 30 years, Van Rossum
stepped down as the leader of the community in 2018.
Python interpreters are available for many operating systems. CPython,
the reference implementation of Python, is open-source software and
has a community-based development model, as do nearly all of its
variant implementations. Python and CPython are managed by the non-profit Python Software Foundation.
Why Python?
Python is a high-level, general-purpose programming language. Python
is a programming language that may be used to create desktop GUI
apps, websites, and online applications. Python, as a high-level
programming language, also allows you to concentrate on the
application’s essential functionality while it handles routine
programming duties. The basic grammar limitations of the
programming language make it considerably easier to maintain the
code base intelligible and the application manageable.
How to Install Python?
To Install Python, first, go to Anaconda.org and click on “Download
Anaconda”. Here, you can download the latest version of Python. After
Python is installed, it is a pretty straightforward process. The next step
is to power up an IDE and start coding in Python. If you wish to learn
more about the process, check out this Python Tutorial.
What are the applications of Python?
Python is notable for its general-purpose character, which allows it to
be used in practically any software development sector. Python may be
found in almost every new field. It is the most popular programming
language and may be used to create any application.
– Web Applications
We can use Python to develop web applications. It contains HTML and
XML libraries, JSON libraries, email processing libraries, request
libraries, beautiful soup libraries, Feedparser libraries, and other
internet protocols. Instagram uses Django, a Python web framework.
– Desktop GUI Applications
The Graphical User Interface (GUI) is a user interface that allows for
easy interaction with any programme. Python contains the Tk GUI
framework for creating user interfaces.
– Console-based Application
The command-line or shell is used to execute console-based
programmes. These are computer programmes that are used to carry
out orders. This type of programme was more common in the previous
generation of computers. It is well-known for its REPL, or Read-EvalPrint Loop, which makes it ideal for command-line applications.
Python has a number of free libraries and modules that help in the
creation of command-line applications. To read and write, the
appropriate IO libraries are used. It has capabilities for processing
parameters and generating console help text built-in. There are
additional advanced libraries that may be used to create standalone
console applications.
– Software Development
Python is useful for the software development process. It’s a support
language that may be used to establish control and management,
testing, and other things.
SCons are used to build control.
Continuous compilation and testing are automated using Buildbot
and Apache Gumps.
– Scientific and Numeric
This is the time of artificial intelligence, in which a machine can execute
tasks as well as a person can. Python is an excellent programming
language for artificial intelligence and machine learning applications. It
has a number of scientific and mathematical libraries that make doing
difficult computations simple.
Putting machine learning algorithms into practice requires a lot of
arithmetic. Numpy, Pandas, Scipy, Scikit-learn, and other scientific and
numerical Python libraries are available. If you know how to use
Python, you’ll be able to import libraries on top of the code. A few
prominent machine library frameworks are listed below.
- SciPy
- Scikit learn
- NumPy
- Pandas
- Matplotlib
– Business Applications
Standard apps are not the same as business applications. This type of
program necessitates a lot of scalability and readability, which Python
gives.
Oddo is a Python-based all-in-one application that offers a wide range
of business applications. The commercial application is built on the
Tryton platform, which is provided by Python.
– Audio or Video-based Applications
Python is a versatile programming language that may be used to
construct multimedia applications. TimPlayer, cplay, and other
multimedia programmes written in Python are examples.
– 3D CAD Applications
Engineering-related architecture is designed using CAD (Computeraided design). It’s used to create a three-dimensional visualization of a
system component. The following features in Python can be used to
develop a 3D CAD application:
- Fandango (Popular)
- CAMVOX
- HeeksCNC
- AnyCAD
- RCAM
– Enterprise Applications
Python may be used to develop apps for usage within a business or
organization. OpenERP, Tryton, Picalo all these real-time applications
are examples.
– Image Processing Application
Python has a lot of libraries for working with pictures. The picture can
be altered to our specifications. OpenCV, Pillow, and SimpleITK are all
image processing libraries present in python. In this topic, we’ve
covered a wide range of applications in which Python plays a critical
part in their development. We’ll study more about Python principles in
the upcoming tutorial.
What are the advantages of Python?
Python is a general-purpose dynamic programming language that is
high-level and interpreted. Its architectural framework prioritizes code
readability and utilizes indentation extensively.
- Third-party modules are present.
- Several support libraries are available (NumPy for numerical
calculations, Pandas for data analytics, etc)
- Community development and open source
- Adaptable, simple to read, learn, and write
- Data structures that are pretty easy to work on
- High-level language
- The language that is dynamically typed (No need to mention data
type based on the value assigned, it takes data type)
- Object-oriented programming language
- Interactive and transportable
- Ideal for prototypes since it allows you to add additional features
with minimal code.
- Highly Effective
- Internet of Things (IoT) Possibilities
- Portable Interpreted Language across Operating Systems
- Since it is an interpreted language it executes any code line by
line and throws an error if it finds something missing.
- Python is free to use and has a large open-source community.
- Python has a lot of support for libraries that provide numerous
functions for doing any task at hand.
- One of the best features of Python is its portability: it can and
does run on any platform without having to change the
requirements.
- Provides a lot of functionality in lesser lines of code compared to
other programming languages like Java, C++, etc.
What are the key features of Python?
Python is one of the most popular programming languages used by
data scientists and AIML professionals. This popularity is due to the
following key features of Python:
- Python is easy to learn due to its clear syntax and readability
- Python is easy to interpret, making debugging easy
- Python is free and Open-source
- It can be used across different languages
- It is an object-oriented language that supports concepts of classes
- It can be easily integrated with other languages like C++, Java, and
more
What do you mean by Python literals?
A literal is a simple and direct form of expressing a value. Literals
reflect the primitive type options available in that language. Integers,
floating-point numbers, Booleans, and character strings are some of the
most common forms of literal. The following literals are supported by
Python:
Literals in Python relate to the data that is kept in a variable or
constant. There are several types of literals present in Python
String Literals: It’s a sequence of characters wrapped in a set of codes.
Depending on the number of quotations used, there can be single,
double, or triple strings. Single characters enclosed by single or double
quotations are known as character literals.
Numeric Literals: These are unchangeable numbers that may be
divided into three types: integer, float, and complex.
Boolean Literals: True or False, which signify ‘1’ and ‘0,’ respectively,
can be assigned to them.
Special Literals: It’s used to categorize fields that have not been
generated. ‘None’ is the value that is used to represent it.
- String literals: “halo” , ‘12345’
- Int literals: 0,1,2,-1,-2
- Long literals: 89675L
- Float literals: 3.14
- Complex literals: 12j
- Boolean literals: True or False
- Special literals: None
- Unicode literals: u”hello”
- List literals: [], [5, 6, 7]
- Tuple literals: (), (9,), (8, 9, 0)
- Dict literals: {}, {‘x’:1}
- Set literals: {8, 9, 10}
What type of language is Python?
Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming
language. Classes, modules, exceptions, dynamic typing, and extremely
high-level dynamic data types are all present.
Python is an interpreted language with dynamic typing. Because the
code is not converted to a binary form, these languages are sometimes
referred to as “scripting” languages. While I say dynamically typed, I’m
referring to the fact that types don’t have to be stated when coding; the
interpreter finds them out at runtime.
The readability of Python’s concise, easy-to-learn syntax is prioritized,
lowering software maintenance costs. Python provides modules and
packages, allowing for programme modularity and code reuse. The
Python interpreter and its comprehensive standard library are free to
download and distribute in source or binary form for all major
platforms.
How is Python an interpreted language?
An interpreter takes your code and executes (does) the actions you
provide, produces the variables you specify, and performs a lot of
behind-the-scenes work to ensure it works smoothly or warns you
about issues.
Python is not an interpreted or compiled language. The
implementation’s attribute is whether it is interpreted or compiled.
Python is a bytecode (a collection of interpreter-readable instructions)
that may be interpreted in a variety of ways.
The source code is saved in a .py file.
Python generates a set of instructions for a virtual machine from the
source code. This intermediate format is known as “bytecode,” and it is
created by compiling.py source code into .pyc, which is bytecode. This
bytecode can then be interpreted by the standard CPython interpreter
or PyPy’s JIT (Just in Time compiler).
Python is known as an interpreted language because it uses an
interpreter to convert the code you write into a language that your
computer’s processor can understand. You will later download and
utilise the Python interpreter to be able to create Python code and
execute it on your own computer.
What is pep 8?
PEP 8, often known as PEP8 or PEP-8, is a document that outlines best
practices and recommendations for writing Python code. It was written
in 2001 by Guido van Rossum, Barry Warsaw, and Nick Coghlan. The
main goal of PEP 8 is to make Python code more readable and
consistent.
Python Enhancement Proposal (PEP) is an acronym for Python
Enhancement Proposal, and there are numerous of them. A Python
Enhancement Proposal (PEP) is a document that explains new features
suggested for Python and details elements of Python for the
community, such as design and style.
What is namespace in Python?
In Python, a namespace is a system that assigns a unique name to each
and every object. A variable or a method might be considered an object.
Python has its own namespace, which is kept in the form of a Python
dictionary. Let’s look at a directory-file system structure in a computer
as an example. It should go without saying that a file with the same
name might be found in numerous folders. However, by supplying the
absolute path of the file, one may be routed to it if desired.
A namespace is essentially a technique for ensuring that all of the
names in a programme are distinct and may be used interchangeably.
You may already be aware that everything in Python is an object,
including strings, lists, functions, and so on. Another notable thing is
that Python uses dictionaries to implement namespaces. A name-toobject mapping exists, with the names serving as keys and the objects
serving as values. The same name can be used by many namespaces,
each mapping it to a distinct object. Here are a few namespace
examples:
Local Namespace: This namespace stores the local names of functions.
This namespace is created when a function is invoked and only lives till
the function returns.
Global Namespace: Names from various imported modules that you
are utilizing in a project are stored in this namespace. It’s formed when
the module is added to the project and lasts till the script is completed.
Built-in Namespace: This namespace contains the names of built-in
functions and exceptions.
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